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Abstract

One area of study between computer science and biology is bioinformatics, which deals with methods for collecting, processing, storing, and evaluating biological data. Sequences of RiboNucleic Acid (RNA), DeoxyriboNucleic Acid (DNA), and proteins make up biological data, which has a wide range of uses in domains such as feature extraction, data segmentation, data security, and more. In cryptography, DNA sequences are used as data carriers, enhancing the unique properties of biomolecules. This approach involves using DNA sequences to enhance the security of confidential data that must be transmitted over networks or stored securely. Several DNA-based security techniques have been developed, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. The bioinformatics offers innovative solutions for data security, especially in the realm of cryptography. By employing DNA sequences as data carriers, bioinformatics techniques can significantly enhance the protection of confidential data. The goal of This survey aims to summarize the existing literature on DNA-based security techniques. It highlights various methods that use DNA sequences to protect confidential data, either during transmission or in storage and identifies the strengths and weaknesses of these methods, providing a comprehensive overview for researchers to assist in planning and designing secure techniques based on bioinformatics methods. By understanding the existing approaches and their limitations, researchers can develop more efficient and robust security techniques that leverage the power of DNA sequences and bioinformatics. This survey serves as a valuable resource for researchers seeking to explore and develop secure methods based on the intersection of bioinformatics and cryptography.

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